Dietary nitrate intake and association with markers of cardiometabolic risk in Iranian female adolescents

Darabi, Zahra and Siervo, Mario and Webb, Richard and McMahon, Nicholas and Ghayour-Mobarhan, Majid and Khayyatzadeh, Saeid and Mazidi, Mohsen (2023) Dietary nitrate intake and association with markers of cardiometabolic risk in Iranian female adolescents. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. ISSN 0954-3007

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Abstract

Dietary nitrates are thought to confer several cardiometabolic health benefits, including improvements in blood pressure and the plasma lipid profile. However, existing data from Iran is conflicting and there is a dearth of literature focusing on non-adult populations. A total of 988 adolescent girls were recruited from schools in different areas of Mashhad and Sabzevar, Iran. Dietary nitrate intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and participants were categorized into quartiles based on this. Differences in participant characteristics between quartiles were assessed using one-way ANOVA and associations between total nitrate intake, nitrate intake from vegetables and cardiometabolic risk markers (blood lipid profile, fasting blood glucose, systolic and diastolic blood pressure) were assessed using linear regression. Nitrate intake from vegetables was positively correlated with triglycerides, even after adjusting for several variables (β = 0.086, 95% CI = 0.002–0.097; P = 0.043). Total nitrate intake was also significantly positively associated with serum triglycerides (β = 0.097, 95% CI = 0.010–0.084; P = 0.012); however, this relationship disappeared after adjusting for several variables. Significant interaction effects were observed between total nitrate intake, nitrate intake from vegetables, and vitamin C upon triglycerides (P < 0.01). No significant relationships were found between total nitrate intake, nitrate intake from vegetables, and other cardiometabolic risk markers. Our findings suggest there may be neutral or possibly detrimental cardiovascular effects of dietary nitrate and/or vitamin C intake which are not in agreement with contemporary literature and warrant further investigation.

Item Type:	Article
Additional Information and Comments:	The final, published version is available from: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41430-023-01378-5
Faculty / Department:	Faculty of Human and Digital Sciences > School of Health and Sport Sciences
Depositing User:	Richard Webb
Date Deposited:	23 Jan 2024 09:08
Last Modified:	23 Jan 2024 09:08
URI:	https://hira.hope.ac.uk/id/eprint/4115

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