Warren, Tara and McAllister, Roisin and Morgan, Amy E and Singh Rai, Taranjit and McGilligan, Victoria and Ennis, Matthew and Page, Christopher and Kelly, Catriona and Peace, Aaron and Corfe, Bernard M and Mc Auley, Mark T and Watterson, Steven (2021) The Interdependency and Co-Regulation of the Vitamin D and Cholesterol Metabolism. Cells, 10 (8). ISSN 2073-4409
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Abstract
Vitamin D and cholesterol metabolism overlap significantly in the pathways that contribute to their biosynthesis. However, our understanding of their independent and co-regulation is limited.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally and atherosclerosis, the pathology associated with elevated cholesterol, is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease. It is therefore important to understand vitamin D metabolism as a contributory factor. From the literature, we compile evidence of how these systems interact, relating the understanding of the molecular mecha-nisms involved to the results from observational studies. We also present the first systems biology pathway map of the joint cholesterol and vitamin D metabolisms made available using the Systems Biology Graphical Notation (SBGN) Markup Language (SBGNML). It is shown that the relationship between vitamin D supplementation, total cholesterol, and LDL-C status, and between latitude, vitamin D, and cholesterol status are consistent with our knowledge of molecular mechanisms. We also highlight the results that cannot be explained with our current knowledge of molecular mechanisms: (i) vitamin D supplementation mitigates the side-effects of statin therapy; (ii) statin therapy does not impact upon vitamin D status; and critically (iii) vitamin D supplementation does not improve cardiovascular outcomes, despite improving cardiovascular risk factors. For (iii), we present a hypothesis, based on observations in the literature, that describes how vitamin D regulates the balance between cellular and plasma cholesterol. Answering these questions will create significant opportunities for advancement in our understanding of cardiovascular health.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information and Comments: | © 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
| Faculty / Department: | Faculty of Human and Digital Sciences > School of Health and Sport Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Amy Morgan |
| Date Deposited: | 13 Nov 2023 16:09 |
| Last Modified: | 13 Nov 2023 16:09 |
| URI: | https://hira.hope.ac.uk/id/eprint/4044 |
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