Testing anxiety's effect on movement planning and correction: Online upper-limb corrections are not completely automatic

Lawrence, Gavin and Owen, Robin and Gottwald, Victoria and khan, Michael (2022) Testing anxiety's effect on movement planning and correction: Online upper-limb corrections are not completely automatic. Human Movement Science, 87. ISSN 0167-9457

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Abstract

Via three experiments, we investigated heightened anxiety's effect on the offline planning and online correction of upper-limb target-directed aiming movements. In Experiment 1, the majority of task trials allowed for the voluntary distribution of offline planning and online correction to achieve task success, while a subset of cursor jump trials necessitated the use of online correction to achieve task success. Experiments 2 and 3 replicated and elaborated Experiment 1 by assessing movement-specific reinvestment propensity and manipulating the self-control resources of participants. This allowed more detailed inference of cognitive resource utilisation to tease apart the effects of conscious processing and distraction-based anxiety mechanisms. For the first time, we demonstrate that: anxiety-induced online-to-offline motor control shifts can be overridden when the need for online correction is necessitated (i.e., in jump trials); anxiety-induced online-to-offline shifts seem to be positively predicted by conscious processing propensity; and optimal spatial efficacy of limb information-based online correction seems to require cognitive resources. We conclude that long-standing definitions of limb information-based online correction require revision, and that both conscious processing and distraction theories appear to play a role in determining the control strategies of anxiety induced upper limb target directed aiming movements.

Item Type: Article
Additional Information and Comments: Copyright © 2022. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Faculty / Department: Faculty of Human and Digital Sciences > School of Health and Sport Sciences
Depositing User: Robin Owen
Date Deposited: 24 May 2023 10:34
Last Modified: 24 May 2023 10:34
URI: https://hira.hope.ac.uk/id/eprint/3938

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