Koehn, Stefan and Amirabdollahian, Farzad (2021) Reliability, Validity, and Gender Invariance of the Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale: An Emerging Evidence for a More Concise Research Tool. International Journal of Environmental Research und Public Health, 18 (7). ISSN 1661-7827
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Abstract
The Exercise Benefits/Barriers Scale (EBBS) research instrument has been extensively used
to investigate the perceived benefits and barriers of exercise in a range of settings. In order to examine
theoretical contentions and translate the findings, it is imperative to implement measurement tools
that operationalize the constructs in an accurate and reliable way. The original validation of the
EBBS proposed a nine-factor structure for the research tool, examined the EBBS factor structure, and
suggested that various factors are important for the testing of the perception of exercise benefits
and barriers, whereas a few items and factors may not be vital. The current study conducted a
confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using hierarchical testing in 565 participants from the northwest
region of the United Kingdom, the results of which provided evidence for a four-factor structure of
the benefits measure, with the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) = 0.943, Tucker–Lewis Index (TLI) = 0.933,
and root means square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.051, namely life enhancement, physical
performance, psychological outlook, and social interaction, as well as a two-factor structure of the
barrier measures, with the CFI = 0.953, TLI = 0.931, and RMSEA = 0.063, including exercise milieu
and time expenditure. Our findings showed that for a six-factor correlated model, the CFI = 0.930,
TLI = 0.919, and RMSEA = 0.046. The multi-group CFA provided support for gender invariance.
The results indicated that after three decades of the original validation of the EBBS, many of the
core factors and items are still relevant for the assessment of higher-order factors; however, the
26-item concise tool proposed in the current study displays a better parsimony in comparison with
the original 43-item questionnaire. Overall, the current study provides support for a reliable, crossculturally
valid EBBS within the UK adult population, however, it proposes a shorter and more
concise version compared with the original tool, and gives direction for future research to focus on
the content validity for assessing the perception of the barriers to physical activity.
| Item Type: | Article |
|---|---|
| Additional Information and Comments: | This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
| Faculty / Department: | Faculty of Human and Digital Sciences > School of Health and Sport Sciences |
| Depositing User: | Stefan Koehn |
| Date Deposited: | 05 Jul 2022 13:50 |
| Last Modified: | 05 Jul 2022 13:50 |
| URI: | https://hira.hope.ac.uk/id/eprint/3570 |
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